Multiple Gestation and Abruption Most Likely Causes of Stillbirth

The current stillbirth rate in the U.S. is 1 in 160 - which is higher than the rates for other developed countries (1 in 200), according to the World Health Organization. A study in the most recent Journal of the American Medical Association have looked at the causes of stillbirth (perinatal death) in the U.S.

Researchers found that the most common cause (29.3%) of stillbirth was obstetric complications, which includes complications of multiple gestations, preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, cervical insufficiency and abruption. Another 23.6% were related to placental abnormalities. Overall, researchers were able to confirm the cause of death in about 61% of cases, and able to rule probable cause in 76% of the cases studied.

It appears that there is a blurring of the lines between preterm birth and stillbirth. According to the study's authors, "Stillbirth and preterm birth are often considered separate entities, but this is strong evidence that the two are more closely linked than previously recognized." Researchers segmented gestational age at time of death into three categories: 20-24 weeks, prior to 28 weeks, and after 28 weeks. Over 80% of deaths took place before 28 weeks.

Stillbirth and preterm birth are often considered separate entities, but this is strong evidence that the two are more closely linked than previously recognized. - Study authors

Resources:
World Health Organization
Silver RM, et al. 2011. Causes of death among stillbirths JAMA 2011; 306(22): 2459-2468